Classification
 Nomenclature
Scientific Name:
Cardamine megalantha Heenan, Phytotaxa 330: 112–114 (2017)
Synonymy:
Holotype: Stewart Island, Mt Anglem summit, under rock c. 50 m west of Mt Anglem summit, 980 m, 11 April 2014, B. D Rance & A. Fergus s.n., CHR 688744!
Etymology:
The specific epithet megalantha (Latin: mega – large; antha – flower) refers to the large flowers.
 Description

Perennial herb, single rosette or with short, lateral branches. Leaves up to 65 mm long, pinnatisect; lamina 9.0–27.0 × 6.0–16.0 mm, green to dark green, membranous, glabrous; hydathode in leaflet axil, up to 0.2 mm long; petiole up to 65 mm long. Terminal pinna 8.0–15.0 × 11.0–15.0 mm, simple, pandurate, broadly pandurate to rhomboid-pandurate; margin entire, with 2–4 distinct hydathodes; apex obtuse with a distinct hydathode; base cordate to truncate. Lateral pinnae 1–2, 1.5–6.0 × 1.1–6.2, orbicular, broadly orbicular to broadly elliptic-orbicular, weakly pandurate; apex obtuse; base attenuate to obtuse; petiolule 0.2–1.5 mm long. Cauline leaves similar to rosette leaves but usually smaller; terminal pinna up to 7.0 × 7.6 mm, lateral pinnae up to 3.7 × 2.4 mm. Inflorescence racemose, sometimes with lateral racemes, each raceme 3–5-flowered; peduncle up to 190 mm long, 0.5–1.2 mm diam. At base, ascending, glabrous. Pedicels 14.0–32.0 mm long, 0.5–0.8 mm diam., glabrous. Sepals 2.7–3.1 × 1.2–1.5 mm, elliptic-oblong, saccate, green to red-brown, glabrous, margin white and membranous, apex obtuse, base truncate. Petals 6.0–7.0 × 4.2–4.5 mm, white, limb broadly obovate; apex obtuse; base cuneate, tapering to a 1.0–1.5 mm long claw. Stamens 6; median filaments 4, 3.2–3.4 mm long; lateral filaments 2, 2.2–2.3 mm long; anthers 0.7–0.8 mm long, cream to pale yellow, when dehiscent held at a similar height to or slightly below the stigma. Ovary 3.8–4.0 mm long, c. 0.8 mm diam., ± terete, green, glabrous; ovules 14–18; style c. 1.0 mm long, ± terete; stigma 0.5–0.6 mm diam. Siliques 23.0–28.0 × 2.1–2.4 mm, glabrous, style 2.8–3.0 mm long; valves green to yellow-green at maturity and when dehiscent; replum 0.4–0.7 mm wide. Seeds 1.4–1.8 mm long, 1.0–1.2 mm wide, 0.2–0.3 mm thick, oblong, broadly oblong to orbicular-oblong, henna-green to henna; wing absent.

 Recognition

Cardamine megalantha is distinguished from C. reptans by its coriaceous leaves with prominent marginal hydathodes, larger terminal leaflet and fewer lateral leaflets, leaflets with distinct petiolules and axillary hydathodes, and elongated inflorescences.

 Distribution

Stewart Island.

Cardamine megalantha is known only from the summit of Mt Anglem, Stewart Island.

 Habitat

Cardamine megalantha occurs in sheltered sites among rocks and underneath shrubs.

 Biostatus
Indigenous (Endemic)

Cardamine megalantha is assessed as having a conservation status of Threatened—Nationally Endangered A(3), with the qualifiers One Location and Data Poor (de Lange et al. 2018). The qualifier Data Poor is applied because information is required on the number and size of the populations.

 Phenology

Flowering January; Fruiting February.

 Bibliography
de Lange, P.J.; Rolfe, J.R.; Barkla J.W.; Courtney, S.P.; Champion, P.D.; Perrie, L.R.; Beadel, S.N.; Ford, K.A.; Breitwieser, I.; Schönberger, I.; Hindmarsh-Walls, R.; Heenan, P.B.; Ladley, K. 2018: Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017. New Zealand Threat Classification Series. No. 22. [Nationally Endangered]
Heenan, P.B. 2017: A taxonomic revision of Cardamine L. (Brassicaceae) in New Zealand. Phytotaxa 330(1): 001–154.
Heenan, P.B. 2020: Cardamine. In: Wilton, A.D. (ed.) Flora of New Zealand - Seed Plants. Fascicle 6. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln.