Classification
 Nomenclature
Scientific Name:
Pteris parkeri hort. ex J.J.Parker, Gard. Chron. 51: 160 (1912)
Synonymy:
Type: probably from Japan, ex cult. J.J. Parker, K (n.v.; see Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017; Parris 2018)
  • = Pteris lomarioides Colenso, Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 13: 380 (1881)
Holotype: near Tapuaeharuru, Taupo, W. Colenso, Herb. Cheeseman, AK 135538! (juvenile specimen)
  • = Pteris nipponica W.C.Shieh, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 79: 285 (1966)
Type: not located (see Fraser-Jenkins 2008)
Etymology:
Named in honour of J.J. Parker, a nurseryman of Rose Nursery, Whetstone, U.K.
Vernacular Name(s):
Japanese pteris
 Recognition

In New Zealand, Pteris parkeri is known with certainty only from one collection with three sterile fronds. Rhizome unknown. Fronds 250–340 mm long. Stipes yellow-brown, 110–180 mm long; rachises not winged. Laminae 1‑pinnate to 2-pinnate at base, ovate, 140–190 mm long, 110–130 mm wide; primary pinnae in 2 pairs below a long terminal segment, the longest 75–115 mm long, 12–18 mm wide, bicolorous with the central portion yellow-green, apices acute, margins slightly serrate, bases sessile or short-stalked; basal pair of primary pinnae divided to the midrib into a single secondary pinna on the basiscopic side. Veins free. Sori unknown.

 Distribution

North Island: Auckland

Altitudinal range: c. 60 m.

Recorded only near Matakohe, northern Kaipara Harbour.

Occurs naturally in China, Korea, Japan and Taiwan, and is naturalised in Nepal and North America.

 Habitat

Recorded as occurring spontaneously in a grassy ditch beside a road.

 Biostatus
Exotic
 First Record

Possibly first recorded by Colenso (1881) as P. lomarioides. Voucher AK 135538. First confirmed record Parris (2018). Voucher AK 330571, 2012.

 Notes

The voucher collection of this plant was initially identified by Parris as Pteris nipponica W.C.Shieh, but she subsequently noted that Fraser-Jenkins (2008) had pointed out that the correct name is actually Pteris parkeri. Parris (2018) created the new combination Pteris parkeri var. albolineata (Hook.) Parris for a variegated form first described as P. cretica var. albolineata by Hooker (1860) from a plant cultivated at Buitenzorg Botanical Garden, Java. The New Zealand collection matches this variety. Parris noted that epithets published in conformity with the Code may be used as cultivar epithets, and since the variety was described from a cultivated plant, it can be known as Pteris parkeri ‘Albolineata’. She also stated that the plant had been in the horticultural trade in New Zealand for at least 30 years.

A juvenile frond, which was described by Colenso (1881) as P. lomarioides, may be a much earlier record of P. parkeri in New Zealand, but its identity requires confirmation. It lacks the variegation of Parris’s more recent collection, and would not be identified in the key to species of Pteris provided here. It was included in the synonymy of P. cretica by Cheeseman (1906).

 Bibliography
Brownsey, P.J.; Perrie, L.R. 2021: Pteridaceae. In: Breitwieser, I. (ed.) Flora of New Zealand — Ferns and Lycophytes. Fascicle 30. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln.
Cheeseman, T.F. 1906: Manual of the New Zealand Flora. Government Printer, Wellington.
Colenso, W. 1881: On some new and undescribed New Zealand ferns. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 13: 376–384.
Fraser-Jenkins, C.R. 2008: Taxonomic revision of three hundred Indian subcontinental pteridophytes with a revised census list. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, India.
Fraser-Jenkins, C.R.; Gandhi, K.N.; Kholia, B.S.; Benniamin, A. 2017: An annotated checklist of Indian Pteridophytes. Part 1. Lycopodiaceae to Thelypteridaceae. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, India.
Hooker, W.J. 1860: Pteris cretica L. Curtis's Botanical Magazine 86: t. 5194.
Parker, J.J. 1912: Pterisparkeri”. The Gardeners' Chronicle 51: 160.
Parris, B.S. 2018: Pteris parkeri hort. ex J.J.Parker, a new naturalised fern . New Zealand Botanical Society Newsletter 131: 8–9.
Shieh, W.C. 1966: A synopsis of the fern genus Pteris in Japan, Ryuku and Taiwan. Botanical Magazine (Tokyo) 79: 283–292.