Habitat: bank, clay, cliff, coast, dry, fernland, flat , forest, forest edge, grassland, gravel, gully, hill, loam, lowland, margin, montane, open, pasture, ridge, riparian, river terrace, riverbed, roadside, rock outcrop, sand, scrubland, sheltered, shrubland, silt, slope, stone, terrace, track, unstable/eroded

Dispersal: Seed

 Recognition
  • a robust, much-branched climber up to 10 m tall, with interlacing branches forming a tangled mass and its branchlets are slender and rounded.
  • its leaves are up to 8 cm long, hairless, dark green above and paler below, and with wavy margins.
  • its inflorescence is a panicle up to 15 cm long, axillary or terminal, and with numerous flowers.
  • its flowers are small (4-5 mm across) and greenish.
  • its fruit are about 3.5 mm long, black, glossy, and sharply angled.
 References
Howell, C. 2008: Consolidated list of environmental weeds in New Zealand. DOC Research & Development Series 292: 42.