Classification
 Nomenclature
Scientific Name:
Hypericum gramineum G.Forst., Fl. Ins. Austr. 53 (1786)
Synonymy:
Lectotype (Robson 1973): New Caledonia, J.R. & G. Forster 170, 1774, BM!; Isosyntypes (Robson 1973, 1990): BM, K, P
  • = Brathys forsteri Spach, Annales des Sciences Naturelles; Botanique sér. 2 Ser 2, 5: 367 (1836)
Lectotype (Robson 1973): New Caledonia, J.R. & G. Forster 170, 1774, BM!; Isosyntypes (Robson 1973, 1990): BM, K, P
Etymology:
Refers to the grass-like stems
Vernacular Name(s):
rolled-leaf hypericum
 Description

Herbaceous annual or perennial, not rhizomatous, up to 0.3 m high. Stems upright, up to 3.0 mm diam., quadrangular, 4-lined, black glands absent, branched along their length. Leaves 3.0–12.0 mm long, 1.0–4.0 mm wide, lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, broadly elliptic or narrowly deltoid, glabrous, reticulate tertiary veins absent; pellucid glands numerous; black glands absent; apex obtuse or acute; margin usually slightly sinuate; base subcordate or truncate; sessile. Inflorescence lateral and terminal, monochasial, paired monochasial cymes or dichasial cymes, flowers 1–12 per cyme, corolla 4.0–10.0 mm diam. Pedicels 5.0–27.0 mm long. Bracteoles absent. Sepals 5, 3.0–5.0 mm long, 0.8–1.5 mm wide, unequal, linear-lanceolate or elliptic; pellucid glands inconspicuous and sparse; black glands absent; apex acute or subacute; margin entire. Petals 3.5–5.0 mm long, 0.8–1.6 mm wide, more or less equal or longer than sepals, oblong to oblong-obovate, yellow, black glands absent, persistent after anthesis. Stamens not in bundles, 9–15, 2.5–3.0 mm long, ½–⅔ length petals; anthers 0.2–0.3 mm long, anther gland absent. Ovary 2.8–3.0 mm long, 1.2–1.3 mm wide, ovoid. Styles 3, 0.5–0.8 mm long, more or less equals ovary. Fruit capsule, 4.8–6.0 mm long, 2.0–2.2 mm wide, ovoid, light brown, barely protruding beyond sepals, coriaceous. Seeds 0.4–0.5 mm long, c. 0.2 mm wide, oblong, terete, longitudinal ribs, apices obtuse or rounded.

 Recognition

H. gramineum has erect, quadrangular and 4-lined stems that branch along their length, inflorescences terminal and lateral and mostly monochasial cymes, black glands absent from the vegetative and floral parts, 3 styles, 9–15 stamens, and a small (4.8–6.0 mm long) capsule that barely protrudes beyond the sepals.

 Distribution
 Habitat

Not known with certainty, but likely to be disturbed, open areas.

 Biostatus
Origin uncertain

Also indigenous to Australia, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Vietnam, Taiwan, China, India, Bhutan, and Hawaii (Robson 1990).

 Phenology

Flowering: Oct.–Mar.

 Bibliography
Annales des Sciences Naturelles; Botanique sér. 2
Connor, H.E. 1977: The Poisonous Plants in New Zealand. Edition 2. Government Printer, Wellington.
de Lange, P.J.; Rolfe, J.R.; Barkla J.W.; Courtney, S.P.; Champion, P.D.; Perrie, L.R.; Beadel, S.N.; Ford, K.A.; Breitwieser, I.; Schönberger, I.; Hindmarsh-Walls, R.; Heenan, P.B.; Ladley, K. 2018: Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017. New Zealand Threat Classification Series. No. 22. [Vagrant]
de Lange, P.J.; Rolfe, J.R.; Champion, P.D.; Courtney, S.P.; Heenan, P.B.; Barkla, J.W.; Cameron, E.K.; Norton, D.A.; Hitchmough, R.A. 2013: Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2012. New Zealand Threat Classification Series 3. Department of Conservation, Wellington. [Vagrant]
Forster, J.G.A. 1786: Florulae Insularum Australium Prodromus. Dietrich, Göttingen.
Heenan, P.B. 2011: Taxonomic notes on the New Zealand flora: Hypericum gramineum and Hypericum involutum (Hypericaceae). New Zealand Journal of Botany 49(1): 133–139.
Heenan, P.B. 2014: Hypericaceae. In: Breitwieser, I.; Brownsey, P.J.; Heenan, P.B.; Wilton, A.D. (ed.) Flora of New Zealand — Seed Plants. Fascicle 1. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln.
Robson, N.K.B. 1972: Notes on Malesian Species of Hypericum (Guttiferae). Blumea 20: 251–274.
Robson, N.K.B. 1990: Studies in the genus Hypericum L. (Guttiferae) 8. Sections 29. Brathys (part 2) and 30. Trigynobrathys. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Botany 20: 1–151.