Classification
 Nomenclature
Scientific Name:
Veronica strictissima (Kirk) Garn.-Jones in Garnock-Jones et al., Taxon 56: 579 (2007)
Synonymy:
  • Veronica parviflora var. strictissima Kirk, Trans. New Zealand Inst. 28: 527 (1896)
  • Veronica leiophylla var. strictissima (Kirk) Cockayne, Cawthron Lecture 3, 11 (1920)
  • Hebe leiophylla var. strictissima (Kirk) Cockayne & Allan, Trans. New Zealand Inst. 57: 24 (1926)
  • Hebe strictissima (Kirk) L.B.Moore in Allan, Fl. New Zealand 1, 916 (1961)
Lectotype (designated by Moore, in Allan 1961): Akaroa, T. Kirk, Jan 1876, WELT 5341. Isolectotype: AK 7879
Etymology:
The epithet strictissima is from the superlative form of strictus, meaning the most straight or tight, probably a reference to the inflorescences (Bayly & Kellow 2006).
 Description

Bushy shrub to 2.5 m tall. Stems erect, eglandular-puberulent or glabrous, hairs bifarious. Leaf bud distinct, its leaves appressed at margins until fully grown; sinus absent. Leaves opposite-decussate, erecto-patent to spreading; lamina sub-coriaceous, linear, linear-lanceolate or narrowly oblong, 9–49 mm long, 3–8 mm wide, dull, green above, pale green beneath; midrib evident and two lateral veins sometimes evident; surfaces glabrous or with eglandular hairs along midrib above; margin glabrous or minutely papillate to minutely eglandular-hairy, entire; apex sub-acute to acute or shortly plicate-acuminate; petiole indistinct, broadly winged, 1–3 mm long. Inflorescence a lateral raceme, 17–107 mm long; flowers crowded, 11–72, female or bisexual on separate plants, ⚥ > ♀; bracts alternate, ovate or deltoid to narrowly deltoid, < pedicels; pedicels spreading, 1–4 mm long, short eglandular-hairy, sometimes sparsely, in one row or all around. Calyx lobes 4, obtuse to rounded, 1.2–1.5 mm long, sub-equal, mixed glandular- and eglandular-ciliolate, sometimes sparsely. Corolla 4.0–6.5 mm diameter; tube white, 1.4–2.9 mm long, = or slightly > calyx, eglandular-hairy inside; lobes 4, white or sometimes pale purplish, spreading to recurved, unequal, elliptic, ovate, or orbicular, 2.0–3.2 mm long, obtuse to rounded, posterior sometimes emarginate; nectar guides absent. Stamen filaments white, 3–5 mm long; anthers dark magenta or purple. Style glabrous or sometimes eglandular-hairy, 2.3–6.0 mm long. Capsules latiseptate, sub-acute to obtuse, usually glabrous or occasionally eglandular-hairy, 2.9–4.0 mm long, 2.2–2.6 mm at widest point. Seeds broadly ellipsoid, flattened, smooth, brown, 1.0–1.6 mm long.

 Recognition
Identification table of V. parviflora, V. stenophylla, V. strictissima, and V. traversii.
 

parviflora

stenophylla

strictissima

traversii

Habit

shrub or small tree up to 12 m tall

shrub to 2 m tall, sometimes sprawling

rounded shrub to 2 m tall

shrub to 2.5 m tall

Leaf length (mm)

8–76

16–87

9–49

16–44

Leaf width (mm)

1.5–7.0

2.5–10.0

3.0–8.0

2.5–9.0

Leaf margin

minutely hairy

glabrous, or occasionally pubescent

glabrous, papillate, or with very short, antrorse, tapered, eglandular hairs

scabrous, ciliate or pubescent

Leaf adaxial (upper) surface

smooth

minutely pitted, especially near margins; each pit with a minute glandular hair

smooth

smooth

Calyx lobes

mixed eglandular- and glandular-ciliate; the glandular hairs with 2 terminal cells

usually eglandular-ciliate; if also glandular, the glandular hairs mostly with 1 terminal cell; hairs with 2 terminal cells rare

mixed eglandular- and glandular-ciliolate, sometimes sparsely so; the glandular hairs with 2 terminal cells

eglandular-ciliolate or mixed eglandular- and glandular-ciliolate; glandular hairs with 2 terminal cells

Corolla tube

up to 2 × calyx; > corolla lobes

2–4 × calyx; > corolla lobes

= or slightly > calyx; < corolla lobes

3–4 × calyx; > corolla lobes

Corolla tube

hairy inside

usually glabrous; sometimes hairy (especially var. hesperia from NW Nelson)

hairy inside

hairy inside

Capsule

c. 2 × calyx

c. 2 × calyx

c. 3 × calyx

3–4 × calyx

Distribution

North Island, mostly in the east; South Island (coastal Marlborough only)

central and east North Island and outliers near Hamilton; South Island north of a line from Westport to Cape Campbell

South Island (Banks Peninsula only)

South Island (Marlborough, Canterbury south to Four Peaks Range (absent from Banks Peninsula)

 Habitat

Rock outcrops, stony ridges, cliffs, scrub, roadside banks. Recorded elevations range from 3 to 853 m.

 Biostatus
Indigenous (Endemic)
 Hybridisation

A plant intermediate between V. salicifolia and V. strictissima has been collected (WELT 84066) and is probably a hybrid.

 Phenology

Flowers: December–March, extending to June; fruits: January–June.

 Cytology

2n = 80 (see Bayly & Kellow 2006, as Hebe strictissima).

 Notes

Veronica strictissima is classified in V. subg. Pseudoveronica sect. Hebe and the informal group “Occlusae” (Albach & Meudt 2010; Bayly & Kellow 2006).

Only four other indigenous species of Veronica are known from Banks Peninsula. The others, V. lavaudiana, V. lyallii, V. odora, and V. salicifolia, are all very different and unlikely to be confused with V. strictissima.

Reproduction of V. strictissima was extensively studied by Delph (1990), who showed that fruit set on hermaphrodite plants, but not on females, is highly variable and related to plant vigour. Fruit set on hermaphrodites is also higher in populations with fewer females.

 Bibliography
Albach, D.C.; Meudt, H.M. 2010: Phylogeny of Veronica in the Southern and Northern Hemispheres based on plastid, nuclear ribosomal and nuclear low-copy DNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 457–471.
Bayly, M.J.; Kellow, A.V. 2006: An Illustrated Guide to New Zealand Hebes. Te Papa Press, Wellington. [as Hebe leiophylla var. strictissima (Kirk) Cockayne & Allan; Hebe strictissima (Kirk) L.B.Moore; Veronica leiophylla var. strictissima (Kirk) Cockayne; Veronica parviflora var. strictissima Kirk]
Cockayne, L. 1920: Cawthron Lecture. Vol. 3.
Cockayne, L.; Allan, H.H. 1926: The present taxonomic status of the New Zealand species of Hebe. Transactions of the New Zealand Institute 57: 11–47.
de Lange, P.J.; Norton, D.A.; Courtney, S.P.; Heenan, P.B.; Barkla, J.W.; Cameron, E.K.; Hitchmough, R.; Townsend, A.J. 2009: Threatened and uncommon plants of New Zealand (2008 revision). New Zealand Journal of Botany 47: 61–96. [as Hebe strictissima (Kirk) L.B.Moore] [Naturally uncommon]
de Lange, P.J.; Norton, D.A.; Heenan, P.B.; Courtney, S.P.; Molloy, B.P.J.; Ogle, C.C.; Rance, B.D. 2004: Threatened and uncommon plants of New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 42(1): 45–76. [as Hebe strictissima (Kirk) L.B.Moore]
de Lange, P.J.; Rolfe, J.R.; Barkla J.W.; Courtney, S.P.; Champion, P.D.; Perrie, L.R.; Beadel, S.N.; Ford, K.A.; Breitwieser, I.; Schönberger, I.; Hindmarsh-Walls, R.; Heenan, P.B.; Ladley, K. 2018: Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017. New Zealand Threat Classification Series. No. 22. [Naturally Uncommon]
de Lange, P.J.; Rolfe, J.R.; Champion, P.D.; Courtney, S.P.; Heenan, P.B.; Barkla, J.W.; Cameron, E.K.; Norton, D.A.; Hitchmough, R.A. 2013: Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2012. New Zealand Threat Classification Series 3. Department of Conservation, Wellington. [as Hebe strictissima (Kirk) L.B.Moore] [Naturally Uncommon]
Delph, L.F. 1990: The evolution of gender dimorphism in New Zealand Hebe (Scrophulariaceae) species. Evol.Trends Pl. 4: 85–97.
Garnock-Jones, P.J. 2023: Veronica. In: Breitwieser, I. (ed.) Flora of New Zealand – Seed Plants. Fascicle 9. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln.
Garnock-Jones, P.J.; Albach, D.; Briggs, B.G. 2007: Botanical names in Southern Hemisphere Veronica (Plantaginaceae): sect. Detzneria, sect. Hebe, and sect. Labiatoides. Taxon 56: 571–582.
Kirk, T. 1896: Notes on certain Veronicas, and descriptions of new species. Transactions of the New Zealand Institute 28: 515–531.